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Linear Absorption Coefficient

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation_coefficient

\(\alpha(\lambda) = \frac{1}{\Phi_\lambda(\lambda)}\frac{d\Phi_\lambda(\lambda)}{dl}\), where \(\frac{d\Phi}{\Phi}\) is the relative decrease, caused by absorption, in the spectral radiant flux \(\Phi\) of a collimated beam of electromagnetic radiation corresponding to the wavelength \(\lambda\) during traversal of an infinitesimal layer of a medium and \(dl\) is the length traversed.

\(\mu\)

The Linear Absorption Coefficient is a quantity that characterizes how easily a material or medium can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter.