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Nuclear Quadrupole Moment

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_quadrupole_resonance

http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=31895

\(Q = (\frac{1}{e}) \int (3z^2 - r^2)\rho(x, y, z)dV\), in the quantum state with the nuclear spin in the field direction \((z)\), where \(\rho(x, y, z)\) is the nuclear electric charge density, \(e\) is the elementary charge, \(r^2 = x^2 + y^2 + z^2\), and \(dV\) is the volume element \(dx\) \(dy\) \(dz\).

"Nuclear Quadrupole Moment" is a quantity that characterizes the deviation from spherical symmetry of the electrical charge distribution in an atomic nucleus.

Q